Pranayama
There are eight traditional Pranayama. These are Suryabhedan, Bhastrika, Shitali, Shitkari, Bramari, Ujjayee, Murcha and Plavani. There are some others breathing exercise like Anumom-Vilom, Kapalbhati, Kaki, Bhujangini etc. These are not under the traditional Pranayama. Anulom-Vilom and Kapalbhati are cleaning exercise. Kaki and Bhujangini are the Mudra. Pranayama can be done on any meditative postures. Maditative postures are also eight in numbers. These are: Padmasan, Sidhasan, Swastikasan, Vajrasan, Gomukhasan, Simhasan, Bhadrasan and Sukhasan. These you will find in Asana section.
...Kashinath

Traditional Pranayama
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Surya Bhedan

Surya is the right nostril, Surya (sun/Heating point) in the body is the stomach navel are. Surya bhedan has four division to complete one suryabhedan. First division is Purak (breath in), second Kumbhak (holdding breath in), Rechak (breath out) and fourth is Shunyak (holding breath out). Ideal Suryabhedan is 12sec. breath in(Purak), 48sec. holding breath in(Kumbhak), 24sec. breath out(Rechak) and 12sec. hold breath out(Shunyak). In begging, breath is not rhythemic and in the order. To reach the above stage and be shorter time then the mentioned above.

Suryabhedan, always breath in from right nostril(Pingla), breath out from left nostril(Ida). It work on the heathing system of the body and regulet temprature, creative activities, digestion and also work agenst deprassion.

Bhastrika

Bhastrika has not the time boudation. In Bhastrika should be faster and deep breath in and out. Breast and ribs can be open as much as posible during braeth in and relaxation during breath out. It should be not done longer otherwise can be dengerous due to lake of oxygen in the body and brain. Nose should be very cleane and bothe nose should work for breath in and out. It is also work against deprassion and stress. Improve the body temperature and degestion system as well as activate the Susumna. There are 72000 nerve in the body according to yoga and in between 72000 10 are important. These are Gandhari, Yashaswini, Hastjivha, Pusha, Ida, Pingla, Susumna, Alambusa, Kuhu and Shankhini. All out of last two connect in the upper part of the body. Eyes, Nose, Ears and Mouth.

Shitali

Shitali follows the rule of time section as in Suryabhedan. Breath in through folded tongue and breath out through both nostril (ida and Pingla).
It help to get relaxation against stress and hypertension but not good in the depression. It improve the special consciousness in the brain.
Shitkari has also same function as Shitali. Just the difference with breath in. In Shitali, breath in through tongue and in Shitkari, both upper and lower Jaws will be close to each other and upper jaw teeth will rest on lower jaw teeth. Tip of the Tongue will be just behind of the connection point ot the teeth.

Important in the both Pranayama is breath(Prana/wind) should be rub on the upper surface of the Tongue and should be done in the fresh area where air is clean and no air Polution. In winter can be extra cause of cold and cough.

Bhramari

Bhramari is the activation of consciousness and retoning of brain cells and as well as reordering of hormonal system through sond. It is follow also the rule of time section as in Surya Bhedan. Sound produces through throat during breath out. Sound should be deep and pleasent loud. For the sound when you speak 'ng' with close mouth will be approx same what you need in Bhramari and for the brain development. 'g' will be not very clear and final sound will be like the bee. It shold be not continue for longer time due to dryness of the tonsil and throat. After sometime you can take very little butter or just sip of water.

Ujjayee

Ujjayee is very special kind of Pranayama. It follows als the rule of time section as in Surya Bhedan. Breath in will be with the contration of throat muscles and produce special sound. In Brahmari and Ujjayee concentration will be in throat and with settled mind how much you can absorb the sound with in you should do.
Ujjayee can be done also with pressing chin against throat muscles.

Murcha

Murcha follows also the time section rule as in Surya Bhedan. In fect, breath will pass through nose but head will press againt neck. Oposite to Ujjayee. Will be more benificial, when you image that breath is passing through throat rather than nose then you will feel too and will be easier to take the breath.

Plavani

Plavani is funny also make fun too. It has special funtion in the brain cells and due to Plavani increase beautiful brain quality. It follow also the time section rule as in Surya Bhedan and can be adjust due to body movements. It is like you are the bed on the upper surface or with in the upper surface of water and taking body and it's  pressure against water.

Traditionelles Yoga Freiburg